I'm afraid that you will not be able to do this as "id" is used un segmented routing to understand which node to load from the EPiServer content repository. You could try to replace "id" with something different but may involve a huge part of EPiServer routing to be swapped out with your own overrides. I would recommend to find a way to replace your's codebase "id" keyword usage in url as trying to replace it inside an EPiServer.

If you are interested where it's used - it's a ContentRoute guy who gots kick in during request handling and there is a segment handling logic - RouteSegmentContext(SegmentContext segmentContext). Eventually it hits EPiServer.Web.Routing.Segments.NodeSegment type. RouteDataMatch() is method that is invoked and it sets routed content reference based on "id" parameter form the url.